105 Environmental Product Declaration Based on LCAs, Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) are designed to meet the global market demand for science-based, transparent, quality assured information about product environmental performance by disclosing a product’s environmental impacts. They use ISO 14025 to enable standard voluntary ISO Type III environmental declarations. These third-party verified, comprehensive documents communicate the results of a product’s LCA, along with additional relevant environmental performance information at one of two levels, business-to-business or business-to-consumer. “An EPD provides an opportunity for manufacturers to have increased transparency regarding the environmental impacts of their products using established international standards,” says the International Code Council.1 Health Product Declaration While EPDs typically focus on broad environmental impacts, Health Product Declarations concentrate more on specific effects of toxic substances and other dangers to human health. The Health Product Declaration Open Standard “gives the opportunity to leapfrog past the increasing complexity and confusion of trademarks, eco-labelling, health claims, and certification systems to address the asymmetry that exists in the marketplace between building product producers and consumers,” says the organisation.2 Organisation Environmental Footprint and Product Environmental Footprint The European Commission’s Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) and Organisation Environmental Footprint (OEF) methods provide a common way of measuring environmental performance. The PEF and OEF are the EU recommended LCA-based methods to quantify the environmental impacts of products (goods or services) and organisations. The purpose of the information generated by the PEF and OEF is to reduce the environmental impacts of goods, services and organisations, taking into account supply chain activities (from extraction of raw materials, through production and use to final waste management).3 “ An EPD provides an opportunity for manufacturers to have increased transparency regarding the environmental impacts of their products using established international standards” International Code Council 1 Source: BuildingGreen, Material Transparency 2 Source: Health Product Declaration Collaborative, HPDC Guide 3 Source: European Commission, Environmental Footprint Methods
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